Urikunetseka kuti ungasarudza sei danda rekushongedza redhi rekushandisa?
Wana mhinduro kumibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve stick electrode.
Kunyangwe iwe uri DIYer anonamira welds kashoma pagore kana nyanzvi yewelder anosonta zuva rega rega, chinhu chimwe ndechechokwadi: Stick welding inoda hunyanzvi hunyanzvi.Zvinodawo kuziva-sei nezve stick electrode (anonziwo welding rods).
Nekuti zvinosiyana zvakaita semaitiro ekuchengetedza, electrode dhayamita uye flux kuumbwa zvese zvinobatsira pakusarudza tsvimbo nekuita, kuzvishongedza neruzivo rwekutanga kunogona kukubatsira kuderedza kuvhiringidzika uye kuve nechokwadi chekubudirira kwetsvimbo.
1. Ndeapi maelectrode etsvimbo anonyanya kuzivikanwa?
Mazana, kana asiri zviuru, zvema electrode etsvimbo aripo, asi anonyanya kufarirwa anowira muAmerican Welding Society (AWS) A5.1 Tsanangudzo yeCarbon Steel Electrodes yeShielded Metal Arc Welding.Izvi zvinosanganisira E6010, E6011, E6012, E6013, E7014, E7024 uye E7018 electrodes.
2. Ko AWS stick electrode classifications zvinorevei?
Kubatsira kuona ma electrode etsvimbo, iyo AWS inoshandisa yakajairwa classfiiation stystem.Zvikamu zvinotora chimiro chenhamba uye mavara akadhindwa pamativi etsvimbo electrode, uye imwe neimwe inomiririra chaiyo electrode zvivakwa.
Kune akapfava esimbi emagetsi ataurwa pamusoro apa, heino mashandiro anoita AWS system:
● Vara “E” rinoratidza electrode.
● Mavara maviri ekutanga anomiririra mhedzisiro yeweld yekusimba kushoma, kuyerwa nemapaundi paskweya inch (psi).Semuenzaniso, nhamba ye70 muE7018 electrode inoratidza kuti electrode ichabudisa weld bead ine simba shoma re 70,000 psi.
● Nhamba yechitatu inomiririra nzvimbo ye welding (s) iyo electrode inogona kushandiswa.Semuenzaniso, 1 inoreva kuti electrode inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzose uye 2 inoreva kuti inogona kushandiswa pa flat uye yakatwasuka fillet welds chete.
● Nhamba yechina inomiririra rudzi rwekuvhara uye rudzi rwekugadzirisa ikozvino (AC, DC kana zvose) zvinogona kushandiswa ne electrode.
3. Ndeupi musiyano pakati peE6010, E6011, E6012 uye E6013 electrodes uye inofanira kushandiswa rini?
● E6010 electrodes inogona kushandiswa chete neakananga ikozvino (DC) magetsi emagetsi.Vanoburitsa kupinza kwakadzika uye kugona kuchera kuburikidza nengura, mafuta, pendi uye tsvina.Vazhinji vane ruzivo rwepombi welders vanoshandisa aya ese-nzvimbo maelectrode emidzi yewelding inopfuura papombi.Nekudaro, maE6010 maelectrodes anoratidza arc yakasimba kwazvo, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti zviome kune vanotanga welder kushandisa.
● E6011 electrodes inogonawo kushandiswa kune yose-nzvimbo welding uchishandisa alternating current (AC) welding power source.Kufanana neE6010 maelectrode, E6011 maelectrode anoburitsa arc yakadzika, inopinda mukati inocheka nesimbi dzine ngura kana dzisina kuchena.Mawelder mazhinji anosarudza E6011 maelectrodes ekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa basa kana DC simba sosi isipo.
● E6012 electrodes inoshanda zvakanaka mumashandisirwo anoda gap bridging pakati pemajoini maviri.Mazhinji mawelder ehunyanzvi anosarudza E6012 maelectrodes ekumhanya-mhanya, akakwira-current fillet welds munzvimbo yakachinjika, asi maelectrode aya anowanzo buritsa isina kudzika penetration profile uye dense slag inoda kuwedzera post-weld kuchenesa.
● E6013 electrodes inogadzira arc yakapfava ine spatter shoma, inopa kupinda mukati uye ine slag inobviswa nyore nyore.Aya maelectrode anofanirwa kushandiswa chete kupinza simbi yakachena, itsva sheet.
4. Ndeupi musiyano pakati peE7014, E7018 uye E7024 electrodes uye inofanira kushandiswa rini?
● E7014 electrodes inogadzira inenge yakafanana yekupinda mukati seE6012 electrodes uye yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa pa carbon uye low-alloy steels.E7014 electrodes ine huwandu hwepamusoro hwesimbi hupfu, iyo inowedzera deposition rate.Anogonawo kushandiswa pakakwirira amperages kupfuura E6012 electrodes.
● E7018 maelectrode ane gobvu flux ine hupfu hwakanyanya uye ndeimwe yemagetsi ari nyore kushandisa.Aya maelectrode anoburitsa yakatsetseka, yakanyarara arc ine shoma spatter uye yepakati arc kupinda.Mawelder mazhinji anoshandisa E7018 maelectrodes kupinza simbi dzakakora sesimbi yezvimiro.E7018 electrodes inogadzirawo mawelds akasimba ane masimba epamusoro (kunyangwe mumamiriro ekunze anotonhora) uye anogona kushandiswa pacarbon steel, high-carbon, low-alloy kana high-simba simbi base simbi.
● E7024 electrodes ine yakawanda yakawanda yesimbi poda inobatsira kuwedzera deposition rates.Mawelder mazhinji anoshandisa E7024 maelectrodes epamusoro-speed horizontal kana flat fillet welds.Aya maelectrode anoita zvakanaka pandiro yesimbi inenge 1/4-inch gobvu.Inogonawo kushandiswa pamatare anoyera kupfuura 1/2-inch thick.
5. Ndinosarudza sei tsvimbo ye electrode?
Kutanga, sarudza electrode yetsvimbo inoenderana nemasimba masimba uye kuumbwa kwesimbi yepasi.Semuenzaniso, kana uchishanda pasimbi yakapfava, kazhinji chero E60 kana E70 electrode inoshanda.
Tevere, enzanisa mhando ye electrode kune welding chinzvimbo uye funga iripo simba sosi.Rangarira, mamwe maelectrode anogona kungoshandiswa neDC kana AC, nepo mamwe maelectrode achigona kushandiswa neDC neAC.
Ongorora dhizaini yakabatana uye yakakodzera-up uye sarudza electrode iyo ichapa yakanakisa kupinza maitiro (kuchera, pakati kana chiedza).Paunenge uchishanda pajoint ine tight fit-up kana imwe isina beveled, maelectrodes akadai seE6010 kana E6011 achapa maarcs ekuchera kuti ave nechokwadi chekupinda kwakakwana.Pazvinhu zvitete kana majoini ane midzi yakavhurika yakafara, sarudza electrode ine mwenje kana yakapfava arc senge E6013.
Kuti udzivise weld kutsemuka pane yakakora, inorema uye / kana yakaoma majoini magadzirirwo, sarudza electrode ine yakanyanya ductility.Uyezve funga nezvemamiriro ebasa ayo chikamu chichasangana nacho uye nezvirevo zvachinofanira kusangana nacho.Ichashandiswa munzvimbo yakaderera tembiricha, tembiricha yakakwira kana nharaunda inorodha?Kune aya maapplication, yakaderera hydrogen E7018 electrode inoshanda nemazvo.
Uyezve funga nezvekubudirira kwekugadzira.Paunenge uchishanda munzvimbo yakati sandara, maelectrodes ane yakakwira iron poda yemukati, senge E7014 kana E7024, inopa yakakwirira deposition mitengo.
Nezvekukosha kunyorera, gara uchitarisa iyo welding yakatarwa uye maitiro emhando ye electrode.
6. Kuyerera kwakatenderedza electrode yetsvimbo kunoita basa rei?
Ese maelectrode etsvimbo anoumbwa netsvimbo yakakomberedzwa nejira rinonzi flux, rinoshanda zvinangwa zvakakosha.Icho chaicho chiri kubuda, kana chifukidziro, pane electrode inotaurira kupi uye sei electrode inogona kushandiswa.
Kana arc ikarohwa, iyo flux inopisa uye inoburitsa nhevedzano yezvakaoma makemikari reaction.Sezvo zvinoyerera zvinopisa mukati mewelding arc, zvinoburitsa gasi rinodzivirira kudzivirira dziva resimbi rakanyungudutswa kubva kutsvina yemhepo.Kana dziva re weld ratonhora, iyo flux inoumba slag kuchengetedza weld simbi kubva kune oxidation uye kudzivirira porosity mu weld bead.
Flux zvakare ine ionizing zvinhu zvinoita kuti arc igadzikane (kunyanya kana welding ine AC simba sosi), pamwe nemaaloyi anopa weld iyo ductility uye kusimba kwayo.
Mamwe maelectrode anoshandisa flux ane huwandu hwepamusoro hwesimbi hupfu kubatsira kuwedzera deposition rates, nepo mamwe aine akawedzera deoxidizers anoshanda seanochenesa uye anogona kupinda mukati ane corroded kana akasviba workpieces kana mill scale.
7. Elekitirodhi yetsvimbo yakakwirira inofanira kushandiswa riini?
Yakakwira deposition rate maelectrode anogona kubatsira kupedzisa basa nekukurumidza, asi maelectrode aya ane paanogumira.Iyo yekuwedzera iron poda mumaelectrode aya inoita kuti dziva reweld riwedzere kuyerera, zvichireva kuti maelectrode ekuisa akakwira haagone kushandiswa mukushandisa kunze kwenzvimbo.
Iwo zvakare haakwanise kushandiswa kune yakakosha kana kodhi-inodiwa application, senge yekumanikidza mudziyo kana boiler yekugadzira, uko weld mabhedhi ari pasi pekunetseka kwakanyanya.
High deposition electrode isarudzo yakanakisa kune isiri-yakakosha maapplication, senge welding yakapfava yekuchengetera mvura tangi kana zvidimbu zviviri zveisina-yakarongeka simbi pamwechete.
8. Ndeipi nzira yakakodzera yekuchengetedza uye kuomesazve tsvimbo electrode?
Iyo inopisa, yakaderera humidity nharaunda ndiyo yakanakisa kuchengetedza nharaunda yetsvimbo electrodes.Semuenzaniso, simbi zhinji dzakapfava, yakaderera hydrogen E7018 maelectrode anoda kuchengetwa patembiricha iri pakati pe250- ne300-degrees Fahrenheit.
Kazhinji, kudzoreredza tembiricha yemagetsi emagetsi akakwira kupfuura tembiricha yekuchengetedza, iyo inobatsira kubvisa hunyoro hwakawandisa.Kugadzirisa zvakare low hydrogen E7018 maelectrodes akurukurwa pamusoro, iyo reconditioning nharaunda inotangira pa500 kusvika 800 madhigirii F kweawa imwe kusvika maviri.
Mamwe maelectrode, senge E6011, anongoda kuchengetwa akaomeswa patembiricha yemumba, inotsanangurwa semazinga emwando usingadarike 70 muzana patembiricha iri pakati pe40 ne120 degrees F.
Nezvekuchengetera uye nguva dzekugadzirisa uye tembiricha, gara uchitarisa kune zvinokurudzirwa nemugadziri.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-23-2022