Makambani makuru—kubva kumapuratifomu ekunze kusvika kumakemikoro emakemikari—anovimba nezvivakwa zvakasungirirwa zvinotsungirira mamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara, anoparadza zuva nezuva. Kana zvivakwa izvi zvikakundikana nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwengura, mitengo inokwira: nguva isina kurongwa, kugadzirisa kunodhura, uye kunyange njodzi dzekuchengetedza. Hazvishamisi kuti kudiwa kwezvinhu zvekubatanidza zvinovimbika zvinodzivirira ngura kuri kuwedzera, nemidziyo yakaita seER316Liri kubuda senzira yekushandisa zvakanyanya pakushandisa zvinhu zvakakosha. Kuchinja uku hakusi kungoitika chete—imhinduro kumatambudziko ari kusangana nevatengi nemainjiniya zuva nezuva.
Kune vanotenga zvinhu zvakawanda muindasitiri, chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti: zvinhu zvinopa mashandiro akasimba pasina kukanganisa kugara kwenguva refu kana kutevedzera mitemo. Ngura, kunyanya kubva munzvimbo dzine chloride yakawanda kana tembiricha yakanyanya, ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kutadza kwekubatanidza zvinhu. Data razvino rinoratidza kuti 37.6% yekuputsika kwekubatanidza zvinhu kunobva mukushanda kwezvinhu zvisina kurongeka kana kusakwanisa kuramba zvakanaka mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Apa ndipo panonyanya kuoneka waya yekubatanidza simbi isina tsvina yeER316L—kwete sechigadzirwa chete, asi semhinduro yekurwadziwa uku kwakazara.
ER316L iwaya yekuwelda yesimbi isina ngura ine kabhoni shoma, inosiyaniswa nehuwandu hwayo hwe molybdenum (2.0%-3.0%) inowedzera kusimba pakuora kwegomba uye kucheka—mhando mbiri dzengura dzinoparadza zvikuru muindasitiri dzakakura. Kusiyana nealloys dzakajairwa seER304L, kuwedzerwa kwayo kwe molybdenum kunosimudzira Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number kusvika 24-28, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera munzvimbo dzisina chloride. Hunhu hwayo hwekabhoni shoma (≤0.03%) hunodzivirirawo ngura pakati pegranular, dambudziko rinowanzoitika kana zvivakwa zvakawelda zvichisangana nekupisa kuri pakati nepakati.
Zvisinei, chinonyanya kukosha kune vatengi vemuindasitiri ndechekuti seiER316Lzvinoenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zveindasitiri. Ngatitorei mainjiniya emugungwa nemapurojekiti ekunze: zvivakwa pano zvinogara zvichinyura mumvura yegungwa, kupfapfaidza munyu, uye kuchinja-chinja kwekushisa. Kugona kweER316L kuchengetedza hunhu hwayo mumamiriro ezvinhu aya kunoderedza kudiwa kwekugadzirisa nguva nenguva, chinhu chakakosha kuchengetedza mari kune vanoshanda. Saizvozvowo, muzvikamu zvemakemikari nepetrochemical, uko mvura ine acidic nechloride yakawanda, ER316L haipindi ngura inoita kuti itevedzere mitemo yekuchengetedza uye inowedzera hupenyu hwemidziyo.
Kudiwa kuri kuwedzera kwezvinhu zvekunamira zvinodzivirira ngura zvakaita seER316Lyakabatanawo nekuchinja kukuru kweindasitiri: kufamba kwemaindasitiri makuru kuenda kukugadzira zvinhu zvakachena uye kuvandudza michina yepamusoro-soro. Sezvo mitemo ine chekuita nekubuda kwemhepo nekuchengetedza zvinhu zviri kuitika ichinyanya kusimba, vatengi vari kutsvaga zvinhu zvinotsigira kushanda zvakanaka uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. ER316L inoenderana nemutemo uyu nekugonesa zvivakwa zvinogara kwenguva refu—zvichideredza huwandu hwekabhoni hunobatanidzwa nekutsiva nekugadzirisa. Pamusoro pezvo, sezvo zvikamu zvakaita sesimba rinogona kuvandudzwazve zvichiwedzera, kudiwa kwemhinduro dzekubatanidza dzinodzivirira ngura munzvimbo dzakaoma kuri kukura.
Kune vatengi vari kutsvaga nzira dzekushandisa, kusarudza welding inodzivirira ngura yakakodzera kunopfuura kusarudza chigadzirwa—zvinoreva kuenzanisa alloy nechinhu chinoshandiswa.ER316LInoenzanisa mashandiro ayo uye kushanda kwayo: inopa simba rekudzivirira ngura zvakanyanya kana tichienzanisa ne entry-level alloys, uku ichiramba ichidhura zvishoma pane dzimwe nzira dzine molybdenum yakawanda seER317L. Inozvirumbidzawo nekugona kusveta zvakanaka, inoenderana nenzira dzakajairika seGTAW neGMAW, uye inoshanda zvakanaka ne316L stainless steel uye (simbi dzakasiyana) se304L, zvichiwedzera kushanduka-shanduka kumapurojekiti akaomarara.
Kuenderana kwemhando yepamusoro chimwe chinhu chisingadikanwi kune vanotenga zvinhu zvakawanda muindasitiri—uye chikonzero chikuru chinoita kuti ER316L inyanye kudiwa. Kusaenderana kwemhando yepamusoro kunogona kukonzera kutadza kushanda zvakanaka, kunyanya mukushandiswa kwakakosha senge LNG storage kana michina yemagetsi enyukireya. Vatengesi vane mukurumbira veER316L vanotevedzera mitemo yakasimba kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti makemikari akafanana uye hunhu hwemakanika, zvichideredza njodzi yekuchinja-chinja kwekushanda. Vatengi vanofanira kukoshesa vatengesi vanopa magwaro ekutevera uye ekutevera mitemo, sezvo izvi zviri zviratidzo zvezvigadzirwa zvakavimbika, zvemhando yepamusoro.
Tichitarisa mberi, kudiwa kwezvinhu zvinochinjika zvinodzivirira ngura mumaindasitiri makuru kuchawedzera chete sezvo michina ichishanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara uye kugara kwenguva refu kunova chinhu chakakosha. ER316L icharamba iri chinhu chikuru kune vatengi vari kutsvaga mhinduro yakasimbiswa uye inoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana inogadzirisa matambudziko engura, inoderedza mitengo yenguva refu, uye inoenderana nemafambiro eindasitiri. Kune avo vari mumaindasitiri makuru, kuisa mari muzvinhu zvinochinjika zvinodzivirira ngura hakusi kungotenga chete—ingoisa mari mukuvimbika uye kuchengetedzeka kwekushanda.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-22-2026